| 苦しい | [くるしい, kurushii] (adj-i) (1) painful; difficult; agonizing; (2) (See 苦しい懐・くるしいふところ) needy; tight (budget); straitened (circumstances); (3) (See 苦しい言い訳・くるしいいいわけ) forced (smile, joke); lame (excuse); strained (interpretation); (4) awkward (situation); painful (position); (suf,adj-i) (5) (often ぐるしい) (See 寝苦しい・ねぐるしい,聞き苦しい・ききぐるしい,見苦しい・みぐるしい) (after masu stem) hard to do; unpleasant; (P) |
| 落とす(P);落す | [おとす, otosu] (v5s,vt) (1) to drop; to lose; to let fall; to shed (light); to cast (one's gaze); to pour in (liquid); to leave behind; (2) to clean off (dirt, makeup, paint, etc.); to remove (e.g. stains or facial hair); to lose; to spend money at a certain place; to omit; to leave out; to secretly let escape; (3) to lose (a match); to reject (an applicant); to fail (a course); to defeat (in an election); (4) to lower (e.g. shoulders or voice); to lessen (e.g. production or body weight); to worsen (quality); to reduce (e.g. rank or popularity); to speak badly of; to make light of; to fall into straitened circumstances; (5) to fall into (e.g. a dilemma or sin); to make one's own; to have one's bid accepted; to force surrender; to take (e.g. an enemy camp or castle); to forcefully convince; to press for a confession; to deal with; (6) {comp} to download; to copy from a computer to another medium; (7) {MA} to make someone swoon (judo); (8) to finish a story (e.g. with the punch line); (9) to finish (a period, e.g. of fasting); (P) |
| 落魄 | [らくはく, rakuhaku] (n,vs) being reduced to poverty; living in poverty; coming down in the world; straitened (reduced) circumstances |
| 零落 | [れいらく, reiraku] (n,vs) falling into straitened circumstances; downfall; ruin |
*straiten* ในภาษาไทย
*straiten* ในภาษาญี่ปุ่น
*straiten* ในภาษาฝรั่งเศส