| して | [, shite] (prt) (1) (See からして・1,として・1,にして・1,為る・1) by (indicating means of action); as (a group, etc.); (2) (as 〜をして in modern Japanese) indicates patient of a causative expression; (3) (after the ren'youkei form of an adjective) acts as a connective; (4) (after an adverb or a particle) adds emphasis; (conj) (5) (See そして) and then |
| しめる | [, shimeru] (v1,aux-v) (arch) (See 使む,成らしめる) to make (old causative verbal ending); to let |
| を | [, wo] (prt) (1) indicates direct object of action; (2) indicates subject of causative expression; (3) indicates an area traversed; (4) indicates time (period) over which action takes place; (5) indicates point of departure or separation of action; (6) (See が) indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.; (P) |
| 使む;令む | [しむ, shimu] (v5m,aux-v) (uk) (arch) (See しめる) to make happen (old causative verbal ending) |
| 使役 | [しえき, shieki] (n,vs) (1) employing; using; setting to work; enslavement; (n) (2) {ling} causative (verb, etc.) |
| 使役動詞 | [しえきどうし, shiekidoushi] (n) {ling} causative verb |
| コクシエラバーネッティ | [, kokushieraba-nettei] (n) Coxiella burnetii (causative agent of Q fever) |
| さす | [, sasu] (v5s,vt) (1) (See 為せる・1) to make (someone) do; (2) (See 為せる・2) to allow (someone) to; (aux-v,v5s) (3) auxiliary verb indicating the causative; (4) auxiliary verb indicating that one has been granted the permission to do something; (5) auxiliary verb used to make verbs more "active"; (6) auxiliary verb used as an extreme honorific for others' actions; (n) (7) (arch) swidden |
| せる;させる | [, seru ; saseru] (aux-v,v1) (1) (せる is for 五段 verbs, させる for 一段; follows the imperfective form of (v5) and (vs) verbs; senses 1-3 of せる are sometimes abbreviated as 〜す) auxiliary verb indicating the causative; (2) (hum) (usu. as 〜(さ)せてもらう, 〜(さ)せていただく, etc.) auxiliary verb indicating that one has been granted the permission to do something; (3) auxiliary verb used to make verbs more "active"; (4) (hon) (as 〜(さ)せられる, 〜あら(さ)せられる, 〜(さ)せ給う, etc.) auxiliary verb used as an extreme honorific for others' actions |
causative ในภาษาไทย
causative ในภาษาญี่ปุ่น
causative ในภาษาฝรั่งเศส