| ああ | [, aa] (adv) (See 斯う,然う,如何・どう) like that (used for something or someone distant from both speaker and listener); so; (P) |
| あんな | [, anna] (adj-pn) (See こんな,そんな,どんな・1) such (about something or someone distant from both speaker and listener, or about a situation unfamiliar to both speaker and listener); so; that; sort of; (P) |
| そんな | [, sonna] (adj-pn) (See あんな,こんな,どんな・1) such (about the actions of the listener, or about ideas expressed or understood by the listener); like that; that sort of; (P) |
| ふつおた;フツオタ | [, futsuota ; futsuota] (n) (from 普通のお便り) listeners' corner (portion of radio programming for correspondence from listeners) |
| ます | [, masu] (aux-v) (1) (pol) (See ませ) used to indicate respect for the listener (or reader); (2) (arch) (hum) used to indicate respect for those affected by the action |
| リスナ | [, risuna] (n) {comp} listener |
| リスナー | [, risuna-] (n) listener; (P) |
| 丁重語 | [ていちょうご, teichougo] (n) (See 謙譲語ＩＩ) courteous language (i.e. humble language in which an action or object is not directed toward the listener or a third party) |
| 中称 | [ちゅうしょう, chuushou] (n) {ling} mesioproximal pronoun (indicating proximity to the listener, i.e. sore, soko, sochira) |
| 侮蔑語 | [ぶべつご, bubetsugo] (n) degrading language (language used to lower the position of the listener) |
| 其の | [その, sono] (adj-pn) (1) (uk) (See 何の・どの,此の,其れ・1,彼の) that (something or someone distant from the speaker, close to the listener; actions of the listener, or ideas expressed or understood by the listener); the; (int) (2) um...; er...; uh...; (P) |
| 其方 | [そちら(P);そっち(P);そなた;そち, sochira (P); socchi (P); sonata ; sochi] (pn,adj-no) (1) (uk) (See 何方・どちら・1,此方・こちら・1,彼方・あちら・1) that way (direction distant from the speaker, close to the listener); (2) there (place distant from the speaker, close to the listener); (3) that one (something close to the listener); (4) (See 汝・そなた) you; your family; (5) that person (someone close to the listener); (P) |
| 尊大語 | [そんだいご, sondaigo] (n) (hon) speech used by the speaker to convey the social stature between the speaker and listener; language conveying that the speaker is of greater social status than the listener |
| 彼 | [かれ, kare] (n) (1) (uk) (See 何れ・1,此れ・1,其れ・1) that (indicating something distant from both speaker and listener (in space, time or psychologically), or something understood without naming it directly); (2) that person (used to refer to one's equals or inferiors); (3) (arch) over there; (4) (あれ only) (col) down there (i.e. one's genitals); (5) (あれ only) (col) period; menses; (int) (6) hey (expression of surprise or suspicion); eh?; (n) (7) that (something mentioned before which is distant psychologically or in terms of time); (P) |
| 彼処(P);彼所 | [あそこ(P);あすこ;かしこ;あしこ(ok);あこ(ok), asoko (P); asuko ; kashiko ; ashiko (ok); ako (ok)] (pn,adj-no) (1) (uk) (See 何処,此処,其処) there (place physically distant from both speaker and listener); over there; that place; yonder; (n) (2) (あそこ, あすこ only) (col) genitals; (3) (See あれほど) that far (something psychologically distant from both speaker and listener); that much; that point; (P) |
| 彼方 | [かなた(P);あなた, kanata (P); anata] (pn,adj-no) (1) (uk) (See 何方・どちら・1,此方・こちら・1,其方・1) that way (direction distant from both speaker and listener); over there; yonder; (2) that one (something physically distant from both speaker and listener, or something not visible but known by both speaker and listener); that; (pn) (3) (あちら is pol.) that person (someone physically distant from both speaker and listener, or someone not present but known by both speaker and listener); (4) there (place distant from both speaker and listener); over there; foreign country (esp. a Western nation); (P) |
| 待遇表現 | [たいぐうひょうげん, taiguuhyougen] (n) attitudinal expression (indicating the speaker's respect, contempt, etc. for the listener or the person being discussed) |
| 然う | [そう, sou] (adv) (1) (uk) (See ああ,斯う,如何・どう) in that way (concerning the actions of the listener or concerning the ideas expressed or understood by the listener; with a neg. sentence, implies that something isn't as much as one might think); thus; such; (int) (2) so (used to express agreement with something said); (3) so? (used to express some doubt with something said); (P) |
| 謙る;遜る | [へりくだる, herikudaru] (v5r,vi) to deprecate oneself and praise the listener; to abase oneself |
| 謙譲語Ｉ;謙譲語１ | [けんじょうごいち, kenjougoichi] (n) (See 謙譲語ＩＩ) humble language in which the listener (or a third party) is the indirect object of an action (or the recipient of a object, etc.) |
| 遠称 | [えんしょう, enshou] (n) {ling} distal pronoun (indicating distance from both speaker and listener, i.e. are, asoko, achira) |